Psychology of University Students’ Online Learning Engagement: Challenges and Interventions in Perspective

Abstract

The growing importance of online learning requires thorough knowledge about psychological factors which impact student engagement particularly within African higher education institutions. The research investigates four major engagement obstacles that affect university students which include cognitive overload, low motivation, social isolation and mental health strain. The research uses Self-determination theory and community of inquiry model to analyze how motivation and autonomy together with social presence and teaching support influence online engagement. The research uses empirical studies and case evidence from Nigerian universities to demonstrate practical low-cost interventions which include gamification and blended instruction and virtual counseling and low-tech communication tools. The research provides context-specific strategies to boost digital learning results in limited resource settings while offering implementable guidance for administrators and instructors and policymakers and students.