CORRELATES OF ATTITUDE TOWARDS CANCER AMONG AKUNGBA-AKOKO RESIDENTS OF ONDO STATE, NIGERIA

Abstract

Cancer remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, accounting for nearly one in every six deaths. Despite medical advances, low- and middle-income countries like Nigeria continue to experience poor awareness, negative attitudes, and weak preventive practices, especially in semi-urban and rural communities. Akungba-Akoko in Ondo State is one such community where limited health infrastructure, cultural misconceptions, and inadequate education increase vulnerability to cancer. This study examined the attitudes of Akungba-Akoko residents toward cancer and assessed how socio-demographic factors influence their responses. The research was prompted by the rising cancer burden in Nigeria, where many cases are diagnosed late due to misinformation, fear, and poor health-seeking behaviour.  Mixed-methods design was adopted. Quantitative data were gathered from 366 adult residents through questionnaire instrument, while qualitative insights were obtained from 15 key informant interviews, comprising healthcare workers, traditional leaders, and community elders. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics, while thematic analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data. Three and sixty-six (366) residents participated, with equal representation of males and females. Most respondents were aged 25–34 years. Most of the respondents were between secondary and tertiary education. Majority were Christians, followed by Muslims a small proportion practiced African Traditional Religion (ATR). The study found that attitudes toward prevention and treatment were largely neutral to moderately positive, but stigma and fear persisted. Cultural and religious beliefs also shaped attitude, with some attributing cancer to spiritual causes.  Based on the findings, the study recommends culturally tailored health education, involvement of traditional and religious leaders in awareness efforts, and improved access to affordable cancer screening services in semi-urban Nigerian communities.