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Nigerian Journal of Banking and Financial Issues (NJBFI)
Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025)Nigerian Journal of
Banking and Financial
Issues (NJBFI)
Volume 11, No. 1, March 2025
A Publication of:
Department of Finace
Ekiti State University,
Ado-Ekiti
© Department of Finance
Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria.
The Nigerian Journal of Banking and Financial issues (NJBFI) provides a unique forum for the articulation and dissemination of applied research by academics and professionals in the field of Banking and Finance or related disciplines. It is a biannual Journal published by the Department of Finance, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria.
The Journal contains analysis of Banking and Financial Issues relevant to the Nigeria Economic experience and financial policies. Opinions expressed here in are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Department of Finance.
All right reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means. electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise of series in any retrieval system of any nature, without the prior written permission of the copyright holder.
The Journal is strictly Online.
Volume 11 No. 1, March 2025
ISSN: 119 - 8494
Printed in Nigeria by:
Department of Finance
Ekiti State University,
Ado Ekiti,
Nigeria.
Tel: 08035023117,
080283887163.
EDITOR -IN- CHIEF: PROF. J. A. OLOYEDE
MANAGING EDITOR: PROF. (MRS) B. A. AZEEZ
ASSOCIATE EDITOR: DR. F. T. KOLAPO
ADVISORY BOARD
PROF. WOLE ADEWUNMI
PROF. W. I. IYIEGBUNIWE
PROF. S. I. OWUALAH
PROF. (MRS) E. O. ADEGBITE
PROF. FAMOUS IZEDOME
PROF. A. A. AWE
PROF. T. M. OBAMUYI
PROF. S. O. AKINMULEGUN
PROF. F. M. EPETIMEHIN
PROF. S. A. TELLA
PROF. R. O. SOMOYE
EDITOR
PROF. S. O. ADEUSI
PROF. A. O. ADARAMOLA
PROF. DAPO FAPETU
PROF L. B. AJAYI
PROF M. O. OKE
PROF. L. A. SULAIMAN
- J. O. MOKOLU
PROF. J. A. AJAYI
BUSINESS MANAGERS
- S. O. DADA
- MRS. O. G. OBISEAN
- MRS. A. O. ADEJAYAN
- I. E. AJAYI
CALL FOR PAPERS
The Nigerian Journal of Banking and Financial Issues (NJBFI) provides a unique forum for the articulation and dissemination of applied research by academics and professionals in the field of Banking and Finance or related disciplines. It is a bi-annual Journal published by the Department of Finance, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria.
Interested contributors are invited to submit well researched papers which have not been published either in whole or part in any journal.
- Soft copy of manuscripts should be sent to financejournal@eksu.edu.ng.
- Font size should be New Time Roman 12".
- The soft copy must not exceed 18 pages including notes, ref, tables and charts.
- Authors must follow the structure specified in the flyer.
- Key words must be maximum of 6 words.
- Abstract must be maximum of 200 words.
- All references must be APA 7th edition compliant.
- Manuscript which does not confirm to these guidelines may be returned unprocessed.
All manuscripts and correspondence should be sent to:
The Managing Editor
Nigerian Journal of Banking and Financial Issues
C/O Department of Finance
Ekiti State University
Ado Ekiti, Nigeria.
financejournal@eksu.edu.ng
Or
The Associate Editor
Department of Finance
funsho.kolapo@eksu.edu.ng
-
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (EJST)
Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024)EKSU JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (EJST)
EDITORIAL POLICY
EKSU Journal of Science and Technology (EJST) is a biannual Journal published by Ekiti State University, Office of Research, Development and Innovation. The Journal aims at periodically exhibiting and advertising the potential of research results within and outside the university as well as promoting dissemination of intellectual publications generally. The Journal, which is multidisciplinary and multicultural in nature covers the publication of original findings in Science and Engineering. It serves as a platform for academics, researchers, professionals, practitioners and students in the Science and Technology field to impart and share knowledge in the form of high quality practical, empirical and theoretical research papers, case studies, literature review and book reviews etc. from all over the world.
CALL FOR PAPERS
ABOUT EJST
Ekiti State University has been publishing journals at the Faculty and Departmental levels, But there is no university based journal. As part of the mandate of Ekiti State University, Office of Research, Development and Innovation (EKSUORD) to periodically exhibit and advertise the potentials of research results within the University as well as promoting the dissemination of intellectual publications generally, EKSUORDI announces the publication of a Science and Engineering based University journal EKSU Journal of Science and Technology (EJST). The Journal which is an international academic journal provides a platform natural, agricultural, environmental, medical scientists and engineers as well as technologists to share and expand the knowledge of scientific advancements in the myriad disciplines of science and engineering and applied aspects.
- AIMS AND FOCUS
EKSU Journal of Science and Technology aims to publish and disseminate original papers that:
- address ethical or socioeconomic issues relating to modern agricultural and environmental science as applicable to developing countries;
- contribute to the development of science and technology for economic advancement;
- innovate near market or market ready technologies and processes
- publish research findings on current topical issues in science and engineering of interest to both public and private
- SCOPE
EJST will publish peer reviewed original research and critical reviews on agriculture, human nutrition or human health, scientific or technological information, with particular emphasis on interdisciplinary studies that explore the intersection of agriculture, science, engineering and environment.
- DOMICILIATION
The Journal is domiciled in the Office of Research, Development and Innovation, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti.
iii
- SECTION
In order to encourage researchers to publish their research articles in the field of Science and Technology, the following sections are introduced:
Section A- (Agricultural Science) Section B - (Natural Sciences)
Section C - (Engineering and Technology) Section D - (Medical Sciences)
Section E-(Environmental Sciences)
- FREQUENCY
The frequency of the journal is bienial.
- REVIEW PROCESS
There shall be a review process of manuscripts by independent referees who are conversant and versatile in the pertinent subject area.
Authors should strive for maximum clarity of expression. Material which is not essential to the continuity of the text (e.g., proofs, derivations, or calculations) should be placed in Appendices Materials which have been previously copyrighted, published, or accepted for publication will not be considered for publication in the journal.
The editorial board is highly committed to the quick review process of the paper, but not with the sacrifice of the right judgment of a paper. The review process takes maximum of six weeks.
- PROCEDURE FOR MANUSCRIPTACCEPTANCE FOR PUBLICATION
The manuscript would be sent to three (3) reviewers, of which two (2) of the reviewers' comment must be positive before acceptance, and the authors would have to effect all the corrections pointed out by the reviewers in the reviewers form.
- PAGE CHARGE PROOFAND REPRINTS
Manuscript should be submitted as e-mail attachment to the corresponding author who will be contacted via e-mail on the corrections of the manuscript. This volume of EJST is sponsored by Tertiary Education Trust Fund (TETFund). With the exception of minor typographical errors, no changes will be made on the manuscript at the proof stage. A hard copy of the appropriate section and five (5) off prints would be provided for the corresponding author of each paper.
- ACCESSIBILITYAND SUBSCRIPTION
EJST will be available both in print (hardcopy) and online (softcopy) format at
www.academix.ng Online accessibility is by subscription. Information on purchase of any
section, biennial, quarterly or annual subscription can be obtained by contacting EKSUORD.
- ARTICLE TYPES
Regular Articles, short communication, and review will be acceptable for publication in thejournal.
- INFORMATION /GUIDES FOR AUTHOR
- The title page should bear the author's full names and affiliation of the names of corresponding author along with fax and e-mail information. Present addresses of authors should appear as a footnote.
- Abstract should be informative and self-explanatory. Should be 100-200 words in length Abstract should be written in past tense-standard nomenclature should be
iv
Abbreviation should be avoided and no literature should be cited. List of nonstandard abbreviation should be added.
- Manuscript should not exceed 15-20
- Introduction should provide a clear statement of the problem, the relevant literature on the subject, and the proposed approach or
- Materials and methods should be complete enough to allow experiments to bereproduced and results written in past tense should be presented with clarity and
- Results should be explained, but largely without referring to the
- Discussion should interprete findings in view of results obtained in present and past studies on the
- Conclusion should be stated in few sentences at the end of the
- Acknowledgment of people, grant, funds should be
- Manuscript should be typed in double-line spacing with microsoft word on A4 size paper using 12 font size (Time New Roman)
- Table should be kept to a minimum, and are to be typed double line-spaced through outincluding headings and The same data should not be presented in both table andgraph form or repeated in the text.
l Figure legend should be typed in numerical order on a separate sheet.
- Graphics should be prepared using applications capable of generating high resolution Gif., TIFF, JPEG or Microsoft PowerPoint before pasting in Microsoft world manuscript
- In the text, a reference identified by means of an author's name should be followed by the date of the reference in parentheses. When there are more than two authors' names mentioned, it should be the first author followed by et al. In the event that an author cited has two or more works published during the same year, the reference, both in text and in the reference list, should be identified by a lower case letter like, a' and, b'after the date to distinguish the works. Example: Abayomi (2000), Agindotan et al. (2003), (Kelebeni, 1983), (Usman and Smith, 1992), (Chege, 1998;
Chukwura, 1987 a, b; Tijani 1993, 1995), (Kumasi et al., 2001).
References should be listed at the end of the paper in alphabetical order. Articles In preparation or articles submitted for publication, unpublished observations, Personal communications date, etc, should not be included in the reference but should only be mentioned in the article text (eg. A. Kingory, University of Nairobi, Kenya, personal communication, date) Journal names are abbreviated according to chemical abstracts.
Authors are fully responsible for the accuracy of references. Example: Chikere C. B, Omoni V.T, and Chikere B. 0. (2008). Distribution of potential nosocomial pathogens ina hospital environmental. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 7:3535-3539.
Moran G. J, Amii R. N, Abrahamian F. M, Talan D. A. (2005), Methicilin resistantstaphylococcus aureus in community- acquired skin infections. Emeg. Infect. Dis. 11: 928-930.
Pelczar J. R. Harley J. P, Klein D. A. (1993) Microbiology: Concept and applications, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, pp 591-603.
- Short Communication: Short communication are limited to a maximum of two figures and one They should present a complete study that is more limited in scope than is found
v
in fullength papers. The items of manuscript preparation listed above apply to short communications with the following differences:
- Abstracts are limited to 100 words:
- Instead of a separate materials and methods section, experimental procedures may be incorporated into fiqure legends and table footnotes;
- Results and discussion should be combined into one
Copyrights
Submission of manuscript implies that the work described has not been published before, and that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere. If and when the manuscript is accepted for publication, the authors will agree to automatically transfer the copyrights to the publisher.
CORRESPONDENCE
Please direct all correspondence(s) to: The Managing Editor Office of Research, Development and Innovation Ekiti State University
P M B 5363, Ado Ekiti E-mail: ejst@eksu.edu.ng
Editorial Board of Eksu Journal of Science and Technology (EJST) Chairman:
Prof. Taiwo Owoeye
Director,
Office of Research, Development and Innovation (ORDI) Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti
Phone +2348033518845
Editor-in-Chief
Prof. Richard Odunayo Akinyeye Department of Industrial Chemistry Faculty of Science
Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti richard.akinyeye@eksu.ed@eksu.edu.ng
Managing Editor
Dr.(Mrs) Adenike O. Olubiyi Department of Statistics Faculty of Science
Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti adenike.olubiyi@eksu.edu.ng
Administrative Officer Dr.(Mrs) F. F. Daodu
Office of Research, Development and Innovation Ekiti State University
P.M.B. 5363
vi
Member
Prof. Temitope Jegede
Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Management Faculty of Agriculture Sciences
Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti temitope.jegede@eksu.edu.ng
Dr. Olayinka Abidemi Ibigbami Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,
Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti olayinka.ibigbami@eksu.edu.ng
Prof. E.A. Okunade Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering,
Ekiti State University, ado-ekiti. eaokunade@yahoo.com
Prof. Modupe Janet Ayeni
Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science,
Ekiti State University, Ado-ekiti modupeayeni@eksu.edu.ng
Prof. Joso Batisha Rocha University Federal De Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
Prof. Ayo Omotosho Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State
Dr. Onundi, Lateef Olorunfemi
Department of Civil & Water Resources Engineering, University of Maiduguri,
P.M.B.. 1069, Maiduguri, Borno State
Prof. Stephen Olofinmihan Elesha Department of Anatomic Pathology, Niger Delta University, Amusambo, Bayelsa State.
Dr. Dennis A. Meritt Jr. Department of Biological Sciences, Depaul University,2325
North Clifton Avenue, Cicago, II, 60614
vii
Prof. Olusola O. Agbede
College of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Landmark University,
PMB 1001, Omu Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria.
+2348037337617
Mohibullah Mohibullah Department of Geology, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan.
+92(0)3339323099
Dr. Fadiya Suyi Lawrence Department of Geology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.
+2348033320230
Prof. J.F.Olorunfemi
Department of Geography and Environmental Management, Faculty of Social Sciences,
University of Ilorin, PMB 1515, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.
+2348037208875
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Nigerian Journal of Banking and Financial Issues
Vol. 9 No. 1 (2023)© Department of FinanceEkiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria.
The Nigerian Journal of Banking and Financial Issues (NJBFI) provides a unique forum for the articulation and dissemination of applied research by academics and professionals in the field of Banking and Finance or tested disciplines. It is biannual journal published by the Department of Finance, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria.
The Journal contains analysis of banking and finance issues relevant to the Nigeria economic experience and financial policies. Opinions expressed herein are these of the authors and her necessarily those of the Department of Finance.
All right reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means. electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise of series in any retrieval system of any nature, without the prior written permission of the copyright holder.
Subscription Rate: Nigeria
Students: N2,000
Others: N2,500
Foreign US $25
Volume 9 No. 1, March 2023ISSN: 1119 - 8494
Printed in Nigeria by: Department of Finance Ekiti State University Ado Ekiti,
Nigeria.
Tel: 08035023117,
080283887163.
EDITOR –IN – CHIEF: PROF. J. A. OLOYEDE MANAGING EDITOR: DR.(MRS) B. A. AZEEZ ASSOCIATE EDITOR: DR. F. T. KOLAPO
ADVISORY BOARD PROF. WOLE ADEWUNMI PROF. W. I. IYIEGBUNIWE PROF. S. I. OWUALAH
PROF. (MRS) E. O. ADEGBITE PROF. FAMOUS IZEDOME PROF. A. A. AWE
PROF. T. M. OBAMUYI PROF. S. O. AKINMULEGUN PROF. F. M. EPETIMEHIN PROF. S. A. TELLA
PROF. R. O. SOMOYE
EDITORSPROF. S. O. ADEUSI PROF. A. O. ADARAMOLA DR. L. B. AJAYI
- M. O. OKE
- L. A. SULAIMAN DR. J. O. MOKUOLU DR. DAPO FAPETU DR. J. A. AJAYI
BUSINESS MANAGERS- S. O. DADA
DR.MRS. O. G. OBISESAN DR. MRS. A. O. ADEJAYAN DR. I. E. AJAYI
CALL FOR PAPERSThe Nigerian Journal of Banking and Financial Issues (NJBFI) provides a unique forum for the articulation and dissemination of applied research by academics and professionals in the field of Banking and Finance or tested disciplines. It is biannual journal published by the Department of Finance, Ekiti State University, Ado Ekiti, Nigeria.
Interested contributors are invited to submit well researched papers which have not been provide published either in whole or part in any journal.
i Three copies of the manuscript should be submitted, each copy of which must be typed on one side of A4 sized paper only and double spaced.
- Manuscript should not exceed twenty pages, including notes, reference, table and chart
- The cover page of each manuscript should contain title of papers, names(s) and additional of author(s)
- An abstract of not more than 120 words typed single spaced on a separate sheet book precede the main text. The short abstract should summarize the main argument of the article
- Bibliographical references should be indicated in the text using the author data style with page numbers where necessary. All reference must adopt America psychological Associate (APA) current style and reference pattern.
- Table and charts should be placed as close as possible to relevant discussion. End noted should be numbered consequently, and should not solely comprise references.
- Manuscript which do not conform to these guidelines may be returned
All manuscript and other correspondences should be sent to:The Managing Editor:
Journal of Banking and Financial Issues C/o Department of Finance
Ekiti State University, Ado -Ekiti, Nigeria.
OR
The Business Editor: Department of Finance,
E-mail: samuel.dada@eksu.edu.ng
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EKSUJOE JOURNAL OF EDUCATION
Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025)EDITORIAL
EKSUJOE is an official Journal of the Faculty of Education, Ekiti State University. This Journal has been packaged with series of research findings and comprehensive theoretical analyses in various disciplines in the field of education without losing its focus on the primary purpose of publishing significant articles for both national and international audience.
The articles in the Journal are double blind peer-reviewed in line with best global practices. A good number of articles in this edition are well researched works of erudite scholars from various institutions of learning all over the country. The articles are carefully selected from various fields education such as Guidance and Counselling, Psychology, Sociology, Educational Administration and Planning Arts and Language Education, Science Education, Curriculum and Instruction, Tests, Measurement and Evaluation, Social Science Education, Early Childhood Education, Adult Education and Community Development. Human Kinetics and Health Education, Vocational and Technical Education and Philosophy. Specifically, EKSUJOE is positioned to serve as a vehicle for academics and researchers to share ideas on current issues in the field of Education, EKSUJOE will continue to be of immense benefit to students, researchers and educators in solving the problem of dearth of research material in their various fields specialisation.
The Editorial Board appreciates the efforts of all the contributions towards the successful production of this edition. It is our fervent hope that researchers, readers and all knowledge seekers will continue to subscribe to the Journal and find it useful in their academic endeavours. I therefore solicit for your continued and unflinding support for further production.
Prof. M. A. Ayeni
Editor-in-Chief
EDITORIAL BOARD
Editor –in-Chief - Prof. M. A. Ayeni
Dean of the Faculty of Education - Prof. M. A. Ayeni
Consulting Editors
Prof. O. V. Adeoluwa - Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti
Prof. I. A. Ajayi - Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti
Prof. F. O. Fakeye - University of Ibadan, Ibadan
Prof. C. A. Daramola - Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko
Prof. S. A. Amuseghan - Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko
Prof. M. Borode - Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti
Prof. J. B. Ayodele - Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti
Prof. F. S. Akinwunmi - University of Ibadan, Ibadan
Prof. E. B. Okunrotifa - Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife
Prof. J. B. Omonu - Ibrahim Babangida University, Lapai
Prof. C. A. Ajibola - University of Calabar, Calabar
Prof. A. O. Akeredolu - Lagos State University, Ojoo, Lagos
Prof. S. O. Makinde - Lagos State University, Ojoo, Lagos
Prof. J. A. Abdulkareem - University of Ilorin, Ilorin
Prof. J. K. Adeyemi - University of Benin, Benin-City
Prof. S. A. Jegede - Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti
Publication Committee
Prof. G. O. Ofodu - Chairperson
Prof. (Mrs.) E. M. Dada - Member
Prof. R. Bolarinwa - Member
Dr. (Mrs.) S. E. Ogunsile - Member
Dr. I. O. Oginni - Member
Dr. (Mrs.) S. O. Oso - Member
Dr. O. B. Amoran - Member
Dr. (Mrs.) O. A. Olanipekun - Secretary
CALL FOR PAPERS
EKSUJOE is published annually by the Faculty of Education, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti.
The Journal publishes research and theoretical papers.
All papers submitted here must have been subjected to plagiarism tests by individual subscribers. Subscribers are liable to any compliants or defaults.
The Editorial Board invites interested scholars and researchers to submit manuscripts for publication volume 11 edition in the following fields:
Gender Parity,
Human Kinetics,
Science Education,
Health Education,
Counselling Education,
Educational Evaluation,
Tests and Measurement,
Educational Technology,
Educational Psychology,
Philosophy of Education
Educational Foundations,
Vocational and Technical Education,
Principles and Practice of Education,
Educational Administration and Planning
Curriculum and Instruction, Language Education,
Social Studies Education, Adult Education and Community Development
Copies of the paper are to be submitted to:
Prof. G. O. Ofodu
Managing Editor
EKSUJOE
c/o Dean, Faculty of Education, Ekiti State University
08030708740
Or
Dr. (Mrs.) O. A. Olanipekun
c/o Dean, Faculty of Education, Ekiti State University
08033860697, 08130273225
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EKSU JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (EJST)
Vol. 9 No. 1 (2024)EDITORIAL POLICY
EKSU Journal of Science and Technology (EJST) is a biannual Journal published by Ekiti State University, Office of Research, Development and Innovation. The Journal aims at periodically exhibiting and advertising the potential of research results within and outside the university as well as promoting dissemination of intellectual publications generally. The Journal, which is multidisciplinary and multicultural in nature covers the publication of original findings in Science and Engineering. It serves as a platform for academics, researchers, professionals, practitioners and students in the Science and Technology field to impart and share knowledge in the form of high quality practical, empirical and theoretical research papers, case studies, literature review and book reviews etc. from all over the world.
CALL FOR PAPERS
ABOUT EJST
Ekiti State University has been publishing journals at the Faculty and Departmental levels, But there is no university based journal. As part of the mandate of Ekiti State University, Office of Research, Development and Innovation (EKSUORD) to periodically exhibit and advertise the potentials of research results within the University as well as promoting the dissemination of intellectual publications generally, EKSUORDI announces the publication of a Science and Engineering based University journal EKSU Journal of Science and Technology (EJST). The Journal which is an international academic journal provides a platform natural, agricultural, environmental, medical scientists and engineers as well as technologists to share and expand the knowledge of scientific advancements in the myriad disciplines of science and engineering and applied aspects.
- AIMS AND FOCUS
EKSU Journal of Science and Technology aims to publish and disseminate original papers that:
- address ethical or socioeconomic issues relating to modern agricultural and environmental science as applicable to developing countries;
- contribute to the development of science and technology for economic advancement;
- innovate near market or market ready technologies and processes
- publish research findings on current topical issues in science and engineering of interest to both public and private
- SCOPE
EJST will publish peer reviewed original research and critical reviews on agriculture, human nutrition or human health, scientific or technological information, with particular emphasis on interdisciplinary studies that explore the intersection of agriculture, science, engineering and environment.
- DOMICILIATION
The Journal is domiciled in the Office of Research, Development and Innovation, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti.
- SECTION
In order to encourage researchers to publish their research articles in the field of Science and Technology, the following sections are introduced:
Section A- (Agricultural Science) Section B - (Natural Sciences)
Section C - (Engineering and Technology) Section D - (Medical Sciences)
Section E-(Environmental Sciences)
- FREQUENCY
The frequency of the journal is bienial.
- REVIEW PROCESS
There shall be a review process of manuscripts by independent referees who are conversant and versatile in the pertinent subject area.
Authors should strive for maximum clarity of expression. Material which is not essential to the continuity of the text (e.g., proofs, derivations, or calculations) should be placed in Appendices Materials which have been previously copyrighted, published, or accepted for publication will not be considered for publication in the journal.
The editorial board is highly committed to the quick review process of the paper, but not with the sacrifice of the right judgment of a paper. The review process takes maximum of six weeks.
- PROCEDURE FOR MANUSCRIPTACCEPTANCE FOR PUBLICATION
The manuscript would be sent to three (3) reviewers, of which two (2) of the reviewers' comment must be positive before acceptance, and the authors would have to effect all the corrections pointed out by the reviewers in the reviewers form.
- PAGE CHARGE PROOFAND REPRINTS
Manuscript should be submitted as e-mail attachment to the corresponding author who will be contacted via e-mail on the corrections of the manuscript. This volume of EJST is sponsored by Tertiary Education Trust Fund (TETFund). With the exception of minor typographical errors, no changes will be made on the manuscript at the proof stage. A hard copy of the appropriate section and five (5) off prints would be provided for the corresponding author of each paper.
- ACCESSIBILITYAND SUBSCRIPTION
EJST will be available both in print (hardcopy) and online (softcopy) format at
Online accessibility is by subscription. Information on purchase of any section, biennial, quarterly or annual subscription can be obtained by contacting EKSUORD.
- ARTICLE TYPES
Regular Articles, short communication, and review will be acceptable for publication in the journal.
- INFORMATION /GUIDES FOR AUTHOR
- The title page should bear the author's full names and affiliation of the names of corresponding author along with phone. fax and e-mail information. Present addresses of authors should appear as a
- Abstract should be informative and self-explanatory. Should be 100-200 words in length Abstract should be written in past tense-standard nomenclature should be used.
Abbreviation should be avoided and no literature should be cited. List of nonstandard abbreviation should be added.
- Manuscript should not exceed 15-20
- Introduction should provide a clear statement of the problem, the relevant literature on the subject, and the proposed approach or
- Materials and methods should be complete enough to allow experiments to be reproduced and results written in past tense should be presented with clarity and
- Results should be explained, but largely without referring to the
- Discussion should interprete findings in view of results obtained in present and past studies on the
- Conclusion should be stated in few sentences at the end of the
- Acknowledgment of people, grant, funds should be
- Manuscript should be typed in double-line spacing with microsoft word on A4 size paper using 12 font size (Time New Roman)
- Table should be kept to a minimum, and are to be typed double line-spaced through outincluding headings and The same data should not be presented in both table andgraph form or repeated in the text.
l Figure legend should be typed in numerical order on a separate sheet.
- Graphics should be prepared using applications capable of generating high resolution Gif., TIFF, JPEG or Microsoft PowerPoint before pasting in Microsoft world manuscript
- In the text, a reference identified by means of an author's name should be followed by the date of the reference in parentheses. When there are more than two authors' names mentioned, it should be the first author followed by et al. In the event that an author cited has two or more works published during the same year, the reference, both in text and in the reference list, should be identified by a lower case letter like, a' and, b'after the date to distinguish the works. Example: Abayomi (2000), Agindotan et al. (2003), (Kelebeni, 1983), (Usman and Smith, 1992), (Chege, 1998;
Chukwura, 1987 a, b; Tijani 1993, 1995), (Kumasi et al., 2001).
References should be listed at the end of the paper in alphabetical order. Articles In preparation or articles submitted for publication, unpublished observations, Personal communications date, etc, should not be included in the reference but should only be mentioned in the article text (eg. A. Kingory, University of Nairobi, Kenya, personal communication, date) Journal names are abbreviated according to chemical abstracts.
Authors are fully responsible for the accuracy of references. Example: Chikere C. B, Omoni V.T, and Chikere B. 0. (2008). Distribution of potential nosocomial pathogens ina hospital environmental. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 7:3535-3539.
Moran G. J, Amii R. N, Abrahamian F. M, Talan D. A. (2005), Methicilin resistantstaphylococcus aureus in community- acquired skin infections. Emeg. Infect. Dis. 11: 928-930.
Pelczar J. R. Harley J. P, Klein D. A. (1993) Microbiology: Concept and applications, McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, pp 591-603.
- Short Communication: Short communication are limited to a maximum of two figures and one They should present a complete study that is more limited in scope than is found
in fullength papers. The items of manuscript preparation listed above apply to short communications with the following differences:
- Abstracts are limited to 100 words:
- Instead of a separate materials and methods section, experimental procedures may be incorporated into fiqure legends and table footnotes;
- Results and discussion should be combined into one
Copyrights
Submission of manuscript implies that the work described has not been published before, and that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere. If and when the manuscript is accepted for publication, the authors will agree to automatically transfer the copyrights to the publisher.
CORRESPONDENCE
Please direct all correspondence(s) to:
The Managing Editor
Office of Research, Development and Innovation Ekiti State University
P M B 5363, Ado Ekiti
E-mail: niith@eksu.edu.ng
Editorial Board of Eksu Journal of Science and Technology (EJST)
Chairman:
Prof. Taiwo Owoeye
Director,
Office of Research, Development and Innovation (ORDI) Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti
Phone +2348033518845
Editor-in-Chief
Prof. Richard Odunayo Akinyeye Department of Industrial Chemistry Faculty of Science
Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti richard.akinyeye@eksu.ed@eksu.edu.ng
Managing Editor
Dr.(Mrs) Adenike O. Olubiyi Department of Statistics Faculty of Science
Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti adenike.olubiyi@eksu.edu.ng
Administrative Officer Dr.(Mrs) F. F. Daodu
Office of Research, Development and Innovation Ekiti State University
P.M.B. 5363
Member
Prof. Temitope Jegede
Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Management Faculty of Agriculture Sciences
Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti temitope.jegede@eksu.edu.ng
Dr. Olayinka Abidemi Ibigbami Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,
Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti olayinka.ibigbami@eksu.edu.ng
Prof. E.A. Okunade Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering,
Ekiti State University, ado-ekiti. eaokunade@yahoo.com
Prof. Modupe Janet Ayeni
Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science,
Ekiti State University, Ado-ekiti modupeayeni@eksu.edu.ng
Prof. Joso Batisha Rocha University Federal De Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
Prof. Ayo Omotosho Department of Paediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ilorin,
Ilorin, Kwara State
Dr. Onundi, Lateef Olorunfemi
Department of Civil & Water Resources Engineering, University of Maiduguri,
P.M.B.. 1069, Maiduguri, Borno State
Prof. Stephen Olofinmihan Elesha Department of Anatomic Pathology, Niger Delta University,
Amusambo, Bayelsa State.
Dr. Dennis A. Meritt Jr. Department of Biological Sciences, Depaul University,2325
North Clifton Avenue, Cicago, II, 60614
Prof. Olusola O. Agbede
College of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Landmark University,
PMB 1001, Omu Aran, Kwara State, Nigeria.
+2348037337617
Mohibullah Mohibullah Department of Geology, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan.
+92(0)3339323099
Dr. Fadiya Suyi Lawrence Department of Geology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria.
+2348033320230
Prof. J.F.Olorunfemi
Department of Geography and Environmental Management, Faculty of Social Sciences,
University of Ilorin, PMB 1515, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.
+2348037208875
-
JOURNAL OF HUMAN KINETICS AND HEALTH EDUCATION PEDAGOGY
Vol. 2 No. 1 (2019)Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education Faculty of Education,
Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti Nigeria.
Website: www.humankineticsedu.com
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the written permission of the Editor-in-Chief.
A publication of the:
Department of Human Kinetics & Health Education Faculty of Education,
Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti
EDITORIALWith the consistent patronage of the Journal of Human Kinetics and Health Education (JOKHED) by various researchers and the reading pubic, we are compelled to publish this latest edition of the journal (Vol, 2 No 1, 2019).
The Editorial Board deployed appropriate logistics to screen and select articles with high quality in conformity with the international standard of JOKHED.
This edition ascertains the publication of articles from diverse segments of human movement phenomena and health education pedagogy. We shall not relent in our avowed commitment to always put the journal in academic domain at least two times a year.
My profound appreciation goes to the members of the Editorial Board for their individual participation, and especially, the Managing Editor, in the successful publishing of this edition of the journal.
Professor Isaac Olusola AKINDUTIRE, Editor- In- Chief
EDITORIAL BOARDEditor –in-Chief - Professor I. O. Akindutire Managing Editor - Professor J. A. Adegboyega Acting Head of Department - Dr. O.M. Bolarinwa
Consulting EditorsProf. A. L. Toriola - Tehwane University of Technology, South Africa
Prof. E. B. Okunrotifa - Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife
Prof. J. F. Babalola - University of Ibadan, Ibadan
Prof. J. A. Adegun - Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti
Prof. O. O. Obiyemi - University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State
Prof. C. A. Ajibola - University of Calabar
Prof. L. O. Eboh - Delta State University, Abraka
Prof. A. O. Akeredolu - Lagos State University, Ojoo, Lagos
Prof. B. O. Ogundele - University of Ibadan, Ibadan
Publication CommitteeProf. J. A. Adegboyega - Chairman
Prof. O. B. Ajayi-Vincent - Member
Prof. P.O. Oyeniyi - Member
Dr. (Mrs) P.E. Konwea - Member
Mrs. O. O. Aina - Member
Dr (Mrs.) A. O. Awosusi - Secretary
GUIDELINES FOR PAPER SUBMISSIONOnly manuscripts that adhere to the guidelines below will be accepted for publication in the Journal of Human Kinetics and Health Education:
- The manuscript should be typed in double line space on A4 size paper with Microsoft words, Times New Roman, 12 point font size, preferred manuscript length is 12 typewritten pages.
- The title of article, author's name and affiliation and the full address, showing e-mail address and mobile phone number to which correspondence should be sent must be submitted on a separate sheet.
- The abstract must not be more than 200 italicized words with focus on the purpose, methods, findings and recommendations; and a maximum of five key words.
- Tables and figures are to be fixed appropriately in the manuscript. Tables should be in 2 decimal places and levels of significance clearly stated, where applicable.
- Materials forwarded to the Journal for consideration should be original and not have been submitted to another publication or published elsewhere.
- The current APA style of referencing should be adapted. Visit apastyle.org
- Paper acceptance notification will be made known to contributors within 2 weeks after paper submission.
- The Journal does not charge submission fee like other
- It is expected that the publication will be out by July,
- Papers for publication should be submitted electronically as attachment, preferably in word document file, to the editor via the e-mail below:
folagboyega@yahoo.com; Copy: ajokeawosusi@yahoo.com, jaadegboyega@gmail.com
FOR FURTHER ENQUIRIESAll Correspondence address to:
Editor-In-Chief Editor:Prof. I. O. Akindutire Prof. J. A. Adegboyega,
Department of Human Kinetics Department of Human Kinetics
& Health Education, & Health Education,
Faculty of Education, Faculty of Education,
Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti
+2348033738145 +2348037400188
Assistant Editor Ag. Head of DepartmentDr. (Mrs.) A. O. Awosusi Dr. O.M. Bolarinwa
Department of Human Kinetics Department of Human Kinetics
& Health Education, & Health Education,
Faculty of Education, Faculty of Education,
Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti
+2348030707463 +2348065713422
-
Eksu INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT STUDIES (IJMDS)
Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024)Eksu INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT STUDIES (IJMDS)
Published by
THE DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION, FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES, EKITI STATE UNIVERSITY, ADO EKITI, NIGERIA
-
JOURNAL OF HUMAN KINETICS & HEALTH EDUCATION PEDAGOGY
Vol. 2 No. 1 (2020)© Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education
Faculty of Education,
Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti
Nigeria.
Website: www.humankineticsedu.com
All right reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the written permission of the Editor-in-Chief.
A publication of the:
Department of Human Kinetics & Health Education
Faculty of Education,
Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti
EDITORIAL
Publishing of well researched papers in reputable journals has become an indispensable culture that must necessarily be adhered to by all academics in the university system. Now that the publishing market has been proliferated by all manners of seemingly "International Journals" the Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education, EKSU has decided to float a journal that will attain all the attributes of Real International Standards.
The birth of this journal, (Journal of Human Kinetics and Health Education Pedagogy), did not come out of the blues, but came as a result of deliberate efforts of some members of the Department, who used their many years of vast experiences in editing, reviewing and publishing quality papers in many renowned, local and international journals.
The maiden edition ensures the publication of articles from different segments of human kinetics, health education and related issues. The journal also enjoys wide- spread patronage from different authors to ascertain its global outlook.
Members of the Editorial Board wish to assure the reading public and intending authors that this journal shall be published on regular basis in conformity with the dynamic trend in academic world. Our appreciation goes to the Heads of Department, past and present, the Professors and other members of the Department for their contributions to the successful launch of this journal.
Professor Isaac Olusola AKINDUTIRE,
Editor- In- Chief
EDITORIAL BOARD
Editor –in-Chief - Professor I. O. Akindutire
Managing Editor - Professor J. A. Adegboyega
Acting Head of Department - Dr. O.M. Bolarinwa
Consulting Editors
Prof. A. L. Toriola - Tehwane University of Technology,South Africa
Prof. E. B. Okunrotifa - Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife
Prof. J. F. Babalola - University of Ibadan, Ibadan
Prof. Pat Oyeniyi - Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti
Prof. J. A. Adegun - Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti
Prof. O. O. Obiyemi - University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State
Prof. C. A. Ajibola - University of Calabar
Prof. L. O. Eboh - Delta State University, Abraka
Prof. A. O. Akeredolu - Lagos State University, Ojoo, Lagos
Prof. B. O. Ogundele - University of Ibadan, Ibadan
Publication Committee
Prof. J. A. Adegboyega - Chairman
Prof. O. B. Ajayi-Vincent - Member
Dr. (Mrs.) E. O. Adeloye - Member
Mrs. O. O. Aina - Member
Dr (Mrs.) A. O. Awosusi - Secretary
GUIDELINES FOR PAPER SUBMISSION
Only manuscripts that adhere to the guidelines below will be accepted for publication in the Journal of Human Kinetics and Health Education:
- The manuscript should be typed in double line space on A4 size paper with Microsoft words, Times New Roman, 12 point font size, preferred manuscript length is 12 typewritten pages.
- The title of article, author's name and affiliation and the full address, showing e-mail address and mobile phone number to which correspondence should be sent must be submitted on a separate sheet.
- The abstract must not be more than 200 italicized words with focus on the purpose, methods, findings and recommendations; and a maximum of five key words.
- Tables and figures are to be fixed appropriately in the manuscript. Tables should be in 2 decimal places and levels of significance clearly stated, where applicable.
- Materials forwarded to the Journal for consideration should be original and not have been submitted to another publication or published elsewhere.
- The current APA style of referencing should be adapted. Visit www.apastyle.org
- Paper acceptance notification will be made known to contributors within 2 weeks after paper submission.
- The Journal does not charge submission fee like other journals.
- It is expected that the publication will be out by July, 2020.
- Papers for publication should be submitted electronically as attachment, preferably in word document file, to the editor via the e-mail below:
folagboyega@yahoo.com; Copy: ajokeawosusi@yahoo.com,
FOR FURTHER ENQUIRIES
All Correspondence address to:
Editor-In-Chief Editor:
Prof. I. O. Akindutire Prof. J. A. Adegboyega,
Department of Human Kinetics Department of Human Kinetics
& Health Education, & Health Education,
Faculty of Education, Faculty of Education,
Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti
+2348033738145 +2348037400188
Assistant Editor Ag. Head of Department
Dr. (Mrs.) A. O. Awosusi Dr. O.M. Bolarinwa
Department of Human Kinetics Department of Human Kinetics
& Health Education, & Health Education,
Faculty of Education, Faculty of Education,
Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti
+2348030707463 +2348065713422
-
EKSU INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT STUDIES (IJMDS)
Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025)EKSU INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT STUDIES (IJMDS)
ISSN: 2616-0595
Published by
THE DEPARTMENT OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION, FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCES, EKITI STATE UNIVERSITY, ADO EKITI, NIGERIA
-
JOURNAL OF HUMAN KINETICS & HEALTH EDUCATION PEDAGOGY
Vol. 3 No. 1 (2020)Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education
Faculty of Education,
Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti
Nigeria.
Website: www.humankineticsedu.com
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the written permission of the Editor-in-Chief.
A publication of the:
Department of Human Kinetics & Health Education
Faculty of Education,
Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti
ii
Vol. 3, No. 1, 2020 Journal of Human Kinetics and Health Education Pedagogy
EDITORIAL
With the consistent patronage of the Journal of Human Kinetics and Health Education (JOKHED) by various researchers and the reading public, we are compelled to publish this latest edition of the journal (Vol, 3, No 1, 2020).
The Editorial Board deployed appropriate logistics to screen and select articles with high quality in conformity with the international standard of JOKHED.
This edition ascertains the publication of articles from diverse segments of human movement phenomena and health education pedagogy. We shall not relent in our avowed commitment to always put the journal in academic domain at least two times a year.
My profound appreciation goes to the members of the Editorial Board for their individual participation, and especially, the Managing Editor, in the successful publication of this edition of the journal.
Professor Isaac Olusola AKINDUTIRE,
Editor- In- Chief
iii
Vol. 3, No. 1, 2020
Journal of Human Kinetics and Health Education Pedagogy
EDITORIAL BOARD
Editor –in-Chief
-
Professor I. O. Akindutire
Managing Editor
-
Professor J. A. Adegboyega
Acting Head of Department
-
Dr. O.M. Bolarinwa
Consulting Editors
Prof. A. L. Toriola
-
Tehwane University of Technology, South Africa
Prof. E.O.Osakinle -
Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti
Prof. J. F. Babalola
-
University of Ibadan, Ibadan
Prof. J. A. Adegun
-
Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti
Prof. O. O. Obiyemi
-
University of Ilorin, Ilorin,
Prof. C. A. Ajibola
-
University of Calabar
Prof. L. O. Eboh
-
Delta State University, Abraka
Prof. A. O. Akeredolu
-
Lagos State University, Ojoo, Lagos
Prof. B. O. Ogundele
-
University of Ibadan, Ibadan
Editors
Prof. O. B. Ajayi-Vincent
Prof. P.O. Oyeniyi
Dr. (Mrs) P.E. Konwea
Dr (Mrs.) A. O. Awosusi
Mrs. O.O. Aina
iv
Vol. 3, No. 1, 2020 Journal of Human Kinetics and Health Education Pedagogy
GUIDELINES FOR PAPER SUBMISSION
Only manuscripts that adhere to the guidelines below will be accepted for publication in the Journal of Human Kinetics and Health Education:
- The manuscript should be typed in double line space on A4 size paper with Microsoft words, Times New Roman, 12 point font size, preferred manuscript length is 12 typewritten pages.
- The title of article, author's name and affiliation and the full address, showing e-mail address and mobile phone number to which correspondence should be sent must be submitted on a separate sheet.
- The abstract must not be more than 200 italicized words with focus on the purpose, methods, findings and recommendations; and a maximum of five key words.
- Tables and figures are to be fixed appropriately in the manuscript. Tables should be in 2 decimal places and levels of significance clearly stated, where applicable.
- Materials forwarded to the Journal for consideration should be original and not have been submitted to another publication or published elsewhere.
- The current APA style of referencing should be adapted. Visit www.apastyle.org
- Paper acceptance notification will be made known to contributors within 2 weeks after paper submission.
- The Journal does not charge submission fee like other journals.
- It is expected that the publication will be out by December, 2020.
- Papers for publication should be submitted electronically as attachment, preferably in word document file, to the editor via the e-mail below: folagboyega@yahoo.com; Copy: ajokeawosusi@yahoo.com, jaadegboyega@gmail.com
FOR FURTHER ENQUIRIES
All Correspondence address to:
Editor-In-Chief Managing Editor:
Prof. I. O. Akindutire Prof. J. A. Adegboyega,
Department of Human Kinetics Department of Human Kinetics
& Health Education, & Health Education,
Faculty of Education, Faculty of Education,
Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti
+2348033738145 +2348037400188
Assistant Editor Ag. Head of Department
Dr. (Mrs.) A. O. Awosusi Dr. O.M. Bolarinwa
Department of Human Kinetics Department of Human Kinetics
& Health Education, & Health Education,
Faculty of Education, Faculty of Education,
Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti
+2348030707463 +2348065713422
